Genetic Test And Mouth Cancer

A new gene test may be able to detect precancerous cells in patients with begin looking mouth lesions according to a study published in the International Journal of Cancer . Researchers used a special diagnostic test to analyze head and neck specimens from 229 patients in the United Kingdom. The genetic test they performed is less invasive than standard methods which require a 1-2mm tissue specimen , also the genetic results are available in a much shorter time . The study showed that the genetic test had a cancer detection rate of 94% in the specimens that were used for the tissue samples. The study is groundbreaking in the fact that it allows the release patients with harmless lesions and with out the unnecessary anxiety of waiting a week for the lab biopsy results.

Your Breath and Cancer

A study published in October 2012 shows that what is in your breath may be helpful in distinguishing between benign and malignat lung cancer . The reseachers analyzed the exhaled volatile organic compounds form patients who had pulomonary nodeules then underwent resection of the nodule for final diagnosis . The technique not only ewas able to distinguish between benign and malignat nodules but could differentiate between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma , in addition the test could determine if the lesion was early or late stage.The conclusion was that in the future clinicians could use exhaled breath test to descriminate between benign and malignate nodules and reduce the rate of false positives detected by x-ray. In addition this procedure could minimize thew risk of morbidity related to invasive diagnostic procedures as well.

Laser Treatment And Gum Disease

A new study printed in the Journal of Lasers in Medical Science , November 2012 shows that laser treatment can significantly improve the clinical results when used as a adjunct to scaling and root planning . The study looked a t 30 adults with some form of gum disease and had at least 14 teeth in their mouth . The test group had used only a diode laser that had a wavelength of 940-nm. The results concluded that although the type of laser used will affect the results , laser therapy will if used properly improve the outcomes for non-surgical approaches for the treatment of gum disease.

CDC:Half of U.S. Adults Have Periodontal Disease

The finding of a survey from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control(CDC)show that one out of every two American adults age 30 or older has periodontal disease. The data indicates that 47 % or 64.7 million American adults have some form of periodontal disease . In adults older than age 65 , prevalence rates increase to 70%. The survey included a full-mouth periodontal examination because periodontal disease is very site specific , meaning not every tooth has the disease at the same time. The data show the disease is higher in men(54%) than women(38%) and is highest in Mexican-Americans(66%) . The next highest was current smokers(64%) , those living below the federal poverty level(65%) and those with less than a high school education(66%).Periodontal disease is associated with age , and as Americans live longer and retain more of therir natural teeth , periodontal disease may take on a more prominent role in the oral health of the U.S. population.

BP Drugs And Lip Cancer

Long term use of commonly prescribed blood pressure medications is associated with an increased risk of lip cancer in non-Hispanic whites , according to a new study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine . The study of 23,000 non-Hispanic whites that were using diuretic hydrochlorothiazide with or with out triamterene , lisinopril , nifedipine or atenolol ....the results showed that the risk for developing squamous cell lip cancer was higher among those who received all except the drug atenolol for long-term use.The study concluded that although lip cancer is rare an increased risk of developing it is generally outweighed by the benefit of these blood pressure drugs. Physicians who are prescribing these photosensitizing drugs should be aware of the patients risk for developing skin cancer by virture of fair skin , long term sun exposure and the ability to discuss lip protection .

Children's Dental Disease And The Domino Effect

Poor oral health , dental disease , and tooth pain can put children at a serious disadvantage in school according to a new study in the American Journal of Public Health . The study examined nearly 1,500 socioeconomically disadvantaged elementary and high school children in the Los Angeles School District , matching their oral health status to their academic achievement and attendance records. The study found that children who reported having recent tooth pain were 4 times more likely to have a lower grade point average when compared to children without oral pain . Also poor oral health seem to cause more absences from school for children and more missed work for their parents .

Baby Teeth Have New Role

A team of San Antonio scientists at the University of Texas Health Science Center found in the baby teeth of otherwise healthy children and analyzed their enviornmental past exposure to medicines , pesticides and other chemicals as well as the presence of fatty acids thought to protect against damage from these enviormental toxins. The theory of potential links between autism and enviornmental toxic exposure being higher in autistic children than compared toi healthy children . Nobody knows what enviorment and what genes contribute to autism , so the next big step in finding out what people have been exposed to during the critical periods of child development . According to scientists , the advantages of looking for early exposure in baby teeth are many ; they're plentiful , and there's lots of research showing exactly when and how each tooth is fromed , both in the womb and in the first months after birth . So the prescence of a toxin in a certain tooth or part of tooth can point to the point at which the exposure occured and link the development of autism in that child's development.

New CDC Study

A new study by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that nearly half of US adults have some level of periodontal disease . The study found that about 47% of US adults aged 30 years and older have gum disease . In adults aged 65 years and older , an estimated 70 % have gum disease . The study , conducted on 3,743 adults shows the prevalence of periodontal(gum) disease is high – nearly half of all American adults have gum disease , and the percentage increases to nearly three fourths of older adults . Among the key findings of the study were that for adults 30 years old and older , 8.7% have mild gum disease , 30% have moderate and 8.5% have severe gum disease. The percents are higher in males, Mexican descent , with under a high school education , income below 100% of federal poverty levels and current smokers , these were the factors that increased the likelihood of more severe gum disease.

Mothers Linked To Teen Decay

Early maternal enabling factors(education , cognitive abilities , psychological stress) and psychosocial factors(stress , coping , social support) are important predictors of adolescent decay according to a study published in the September issue of Journal of Dental Research .Researchers examined the teeth of 224 adolescent participants and found that children having access to dental insurance , fluoride treatments and sealants when they were younger did not always prevent them from developing decay by the time they were 14 years old . What they did find was that if the mothers had education beyond high school , were healthy emotionally and had knowledge about eating right then their children had healthier teeth . The researcher concluded that the moms needed to care for themselves physically and emotionally to help their children. The researchers used an analogy , such as the emergency instructions on airplanes that say that the mothers need to put on their masks first and then help their children…….how can a mother help her child if she passes out ?.......its all common sense but some mothers may need help .

Don't Trust Your Sweet Tooth !

Your sweet tooth may be a sugar hound when it comes to finding sugars in places like candies, cakes and soft drinks … but beware! There are decay-causing sweets hidden in places you may never have even considered. Take medicines for example. Many drugs, both over-the-counter and prescription, contain sugar, especially cough syrups and lozenges. Even vitamins and antibiotic syrups can hide anywhere from 10-75% sugar. That's plenty enough to cause decay. Ever wonder why breath mints taste so good? Unless they say sugar-free, half of what you are sucking on may be sugar. Antacid tablets are another guilty sweet. They range from 10-50% sugar. You might as well have some candy. That's not all. Sugar isn't always called sugar. Many products contain sweets sugar-coated in exotic sounding names. Check labels for words like turbinado, invert sugar, coupling sugar, sorghum and cane syrup, corn syrup, fructose, glucose, galactose and lactose, honey, and raw or brown sugar. They're all really the same thing ... sugar! If you're serious about eliminating dental disease from your life, you're going to have to rely on more than your sweet tooth to avoid sugars. Read food labels carefully. You may even want to pack a magnifying glass so you can make out the small print. If you do eat anything that contains sugar, rinse your mouth immediately and brush as soon as possible .

So Many Choices !

It used to be easy to choose a toothpaste. Nowadays there are so many kinds, it can be confusing and difficult to decide which toothpaste is best suited for your smile. Here’s a helpful guide offering descriptions of different toothpastes and how they work: Tartar Control – These help prevent tartar (the hardened plaque that can lead to gum disease) from building up on teeth, and may even reduce it by as much as 36%. It is important to note that these toothpastes only remove tartar above the gumline and only a professional dental cleaning can remove it below the gumline. Baking Soda – With its mild abrasive action, baking soda helps to remove stains from teeth. These pastes don’t have any proven effect on periodontal disease, but because you may like the taste and feel of this kind of toothpaste, you might brush more often. Be careful though as excessive use may irritate your gums. Desensitizing – These products help decrease your tooth sensitivity to hot or cold drinks and food. They work by providing extra protection on exposed root surfaces of your teeth. It will take about four to six weeks of regular use before you notice any sensitivity improvement. You should have your sensitivity checked by us first, to be sure it is not the result of a more serious problem. Antibacterial – These brands control mild superficial inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) by reducing levels of bacterial plaque. They won’t reverse more severe gum disease. Whiteners – Whitening toothpastes can be abrasive on tooth enamel so do not use them exclusively. If you do want your teeth whitened, talk to us. These pastes really aren’t strong enough to make a difference. Regardless of which toothpaste you choose, you still need to brush at least twice a day using a soft-bristled toothbrush. It is also important to floss once a day, as even the best toothbrush and toothpaste can’t remove plaque trapped between teeth.

Risky Business Teeth Whitening

Believe it or not, people have been whitening their teeth for more than one hundred years. If it’s done right, whitening can be a safe, inexpensive, and dramatic way to whiten your smile. Techniques and materials have improved greatly over the years, and so have their whitening and stain-removing abilities. There are two approaches to whitening teeth. You can have it done in the dental office, or you can do your own whitening at home. Both are effective, but if you’re thinking of using a TV whitening kit, make sure you understand the risks! No one can guarantee the results of whitening, but we are up-to-date on all the latest agents and techniques. We have better ways to control the potentially harmful effects, and can do the job faster and more effectively. We also have a lot of experience in determining which teeth are good choices for whitening and which ones need other treatments. Stains can be caused by many things that can’t be helped by whitening, such as decay and amalgam fillings. Some do-it-yourself tooth whitening products advertised on TV work in much the same way as our whitening products, but the results you get are not nearly as predictable. This doesn’t mean that TV home whitening doesn’t work ... they’re just a more risky choice.

Better Than Ever

If you’re in your fifties, you probably think of dentistry as the science of drilling and filling. But if you take a careful look at the dental office on your next visit, you’ll notice that a lot more time is being spent on the look of teeth than ever before. With modern dental care, teeth are staying healthier longer, and cosmetic techniques are getting faster, better and less expensive. That explains why a lot of people in their fifties and older are investing in esthetically enhanced smiles. Many of them are finding that altering the shape, color or position of teeth not only improves appearance and function, but also the way they feel about themselves. There are a number of cosmetic services to consider. Bonding and contouring can deal with deep-rooted stains or patch up small cracks or chips and can even fill gaps and reshape teeth. Whitening can give just about anyone a brighter, whiter smile. For teeth that are extensively discolored or chipped, veneers or crowns can restore teeth to their original shape, function, and look. If your smile is suffering because of missing teeth, implants may be the answer. For teeth that are crooked, orthodontics may be the answer. Their popularity explains why more than 40% of orthodontic patients are over 18. More people than ever before are realizing that it’s never too late for the perfect smile !

New Trends In Laser Dentistry

This article will present the new development of laser dentistry and its practice in Brewster , MA.. Well known dentist, Stephen Bellorini, has taken laser dentistry to unparalleled heights in the practice of modern dentistry. He has utilized several different methods in dental treatment that has proven to be more efficient and less costly for the patient. Here are some of the areas that have been improved on. One of the most needed improvements in dental procedures has been the reduction of pain and discomfort during routine office visits. Next, lasers help in the early detection of cavities, thus reducing the need for returning to the dentist for costly fillings. Other improvements include gum treatment for gingivitis and periodontal disease, implant surgeries, biopsies and ulcers. When laser surgery is done vs. traditional procedures, there is less chance for pain and infection. Traditional surgical tools cause more discomfort and increase the length of time spent during the procedure. Keep in mind that anesthesia is used with traditional surgical methods, thus increasing the cost of dental work. Given the fact that lasers are relatively new in dental work and may currently cost more, once established by the dental community and given enough time, these costs will be minimized. In addition to reducing surgical costs, laser surgery can also reduce the need for repeated office visits since the surgical procedures with laser methods are more efficient. Reduced visits to the office save money for the patient. There are further developments being made in dentistry due to new laser technology. Laser teeth whitening has been a remarkable means for improving cosmetic looks. It is an easy way to whiten teeth and is less costly than buying other more expensive products that have similar results. Soft tissue surgery has found relief through laser technology. The other method of surgical tools can be painful and cause bleeding. Therefore, with lasers, the treatment of gum disease is much easier and the healing process is faster. Healing is faster because lasers reduce the spread of bacteria and this prevents infection. This is an important reason why laser methods in dentistry are long overdue. Perhaps one of the more interesting and valuable discoveries in laser work involves the more simple processes and reasons for visiting the dentist. The main reason most people visit their dentist is for routine checkups. Now lasers are capable of removing tooth decay and cavities. The laser can also detect early cavities and eliminate them before they become a dental problem for the patient. The more laser procedures are used by dentists, the more savings there will be for the average patient. In addition, the more often lasers are used in dental work, the more likely people will make an appointment to visit their dentist. The most prevalent reason individuals avoid going to the dentist is due to pain and discomfort they experience on routine office visits. If dentists are willing to implement more laser technology at the office and awareness in knowing lasers are being used by the profession, more people will seek dental treatment and care in general.

Trouble With Soy Milk

Soy milk may be worse for your teeth than cow's milk, a new study suggests. The results show bacteria commonly found in the mouth produce five to six times more acid when they feed on soy milk compared to cow's milk. Acids in the mouth contribute to the formation of plaque on teeth, which in turn cause tooth decay and the formation of cavities. The findings suggest soy beverages have a higher potential to cause cavities, compared with cow's milk, the researchers say. However, the study was conducted in laboratory dishes, and so more work is needed before researchers know whether soy milk actually damages teeth, said William Bowen, professor emeritus of microbiology and immunology at the University of Rochester's Center for Oral Biology, who was not involved in the study. The cavity risk of most substances depends on how you use them, Bowen said. For instance, drinking one glass of soy milk is unlikely to harm teeth, but allowing a baby to sip from a bottle containing soy milk all day might be cause for concern, Bowen said. In contrast, cow's milk is known not to promote cavities, regardless of how much is consumed, Bowen said. "It's suspicious, but more work is certainly needed to support the contention," Bowen said of the study's main conclusion. Eric Reynolds, of the University of Melbourne's Dental School in Australia, and colleagues chose four Australian-brand soy beverages, and two brands of cow's milk for their experiments. The milks were each mixed with bacteria called Streptococcus mutans, which are found in the human mouth and commonly associated with cavities. They found that the soy beverages, after the addition of the bacteria, became more acidic within 10 minutes. In contrast, the acidity of the cow's milk was not changed significantly after the bacteria were added. The researchers did not include saliva in their experiments, which could produce an effect to counteract the high acid production of soy milk, Bowen noted.

Coffee and Cancer

Women drinking more than 3 cups of coffee a day were 21% less likely to develop basal cell cancer than those drinking less than 1 cup per day , according to a study published in the Cancer Research Journal. The study which analyzed health , diet and cancer risk during a 20 year span , found that the incidence of basal cell cancer was decreased in participants who consumed more than 3 cups of caffeinated coffee per day , at 21% fir women and 10% for men . This was also noted for other caffeinated beverages , including tea , chocolate and soda . However , 78.5% of the recorded caffeine intake for participants was from coffee. The study did not find the cancer reducing benefits in those who consumed decaffeinated coffee. Also no link was found between caffeine and decrease in melanoma or squamous cell cancers. According to the Cancer Foundation , basal cell cancer is the most frequently occurring skin cancer , with approximately 2.8 million cases diagnosed in the U.S. every year.

Bad Breath Causes and Cures

You know you're slightly pungent after a hard Spinning class or garlicky dinner. But it turns out that some less expected factors--like how quickly you get dressed in the morning, the amount of carbs you eat, or whether you snore--can also affect your breath, gassiness, and more. Here's how to fix it, fast 1) Foods with pungent ingredients, such as curry, garlic, and other spices, can not only cause bad breath, but also a bit of a body odor. When digested, these foods produce several stinky sulfur-containing gases. Most of these byproducts are metabolized in the intestines and liver, but some, such as allyl methyl sulfide, are absorbed into the bloodstream and released through your lungs and pores, an effect that can last for a few hours or more, says Debra Jaliman, MD, assistant professor of dermatology at Mt. Sinai School of Medicine. Fix it: You can temporarily mask bad breath with mouthwash or by chewing a bit of fresh parsley, mint, or fennel seeds, but you'll have to wait until your body is done digesting before all the odor is completely gone. Sit down to a spicy meal in good company; it's tough to smell it on others if you all eat the same thing, says Richard Price, DMD, spokesperson for the American Dental Association. Avoid garlic-rich chow in the hours before an important meeting or date. 2) Neglect your tongue, and your breath may not be as fresh as you'd like. Your tongue is covered with thousands of small hairlike projections called papillae, which can trap and harbor tiny scraps of food. So even if you brush and floss regularly, small remains from your meals can hang behind, collecting bacteria and emitting hydrogen sulfide vapors--aka bad breath. Fix it: Mouthwashes may help, but the best way to remove bacteria, dead cells, and food debris from the crevices of your tongue is with an inexpensive tongue scraper. Brushing your tongue with a soft-bristled toothbrush works well too. Gently clean as far back as you can without gagging. Also, switch to a toothpaste that contains chlorine dioxide or tea tree oil, a powerful disinfectant with a pleasant, eucalyptus-like smell. 3) Fiber-packed foods are great for your health, but they may leave you feeling a little gassy. Unfortunately, the reason some fiber-rich foods--such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans--keep you feeling full longer is the same reason that they can cause gas, according to the Mayo Clinic. This type of fiber, called soluble fiber, doesn't get digested until it reaches the large intestine (other foods typically get digested in the small intestine, earlier in the digestive process). Here, healthy bacteria in your gut break down the fiber, which produces hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and even methane. Eventually, these smelly gases have to go somewhere--and they often exit in the form of flatulence. Fix it: Add these foods to your diet over a few weeks so your body can adjust. If you use a fiber supplement, be sure to take it with at least 8 ounces of water and drink plenty of liquids throughout the day--fiber won't move easily through the digestive system without it. 4) Blame those nighttime noises for cover-your-mouth morning breath. Sleeping with your mouth open dries out your oral cavity, enabling dead cells to accumulate and decompose on your tongue, gums, and cheeks. This is what causes morning breath. Fix it: Skip the nightcap. Alcohol before bed can make snoring worse. Placing an adhesive snoring strip across the bridge of your nose can help by enhancing breathing. In the morning, in addition to brushing your teeth and tongue and flossing, gargle with a small cup of acidic lemon juice to kill odor-causing bacteria. Then eat plain unsweetened yogurt, which contains healthy lactobacillus bacteria, a probiotic that competes with and replaces the reeking bacteria in your mouth. The lemon-yogurt combo instantly neutralizes odor and lasts 12 to 24 hours, says Mark Moyad, MD, MPH, Jenkens/Pokempner director of preventive and alternative medicine at the University of Michigan Medical Center. 5) If you wolf down lunch in mere minutes because of work deadlines, you may have a burpy afternoon ahead of you. Chewing too fast and drinking through a straw can cause you to swallow too much air. You release most of this air, which contains nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, from the stomach by burping. What's left makes its way through the digestive tract until it is eventually expelled through the other end--as gas. Fix it: An hour lunch break may be unheard of these days, but do give yourself enough time to chew properly, without gigantic bites. Put down your fork while you munch to slow down, if necessary. Also, don't eat when you're anxious, upset, or stressed--it can interfere with digestion. On hectic days where you know you'll eat quickly, take two enteric-coated peppermint capsules (500 mg each) three times daily, recommends Ronald Hoffman, MD, author of Alternative Cures that Really Work (Rodale, 2007). Peppermint kills bacteria that cause bloating and relaxes gastrointestinal muscles for smoother digestion. 6) Check your medicine cabinet--it could be the source of your not-so-fresh breath. Hundreds of prescription and over-the-counter drugs--for everything fromallergies to high blood pressure to depression--can cause dry mouth, one of the most common triggers of bad breath. They may block the action of acetylcholine, a brain chemical that tells nerves to switch on the salivary glands. Fix it: Ask your doctor to adjust your dosage or suggest an alternative medication that doesn't list dry mouth as a side effect. In the meantime, frequently sip water to stimulate the production of saliva, which keeps the mouth moist and clean. Limit coffee consumption and try to breathe through your nose, not your mouth, to avoid drying it out further. OTC saliva substitutes can also help keep your mouth moist, according to the Mayo Clinic. Look for ones containing carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxyethylcellulose to help thicken saliva. 7) Followers of protein-packed diets may find their breath surprisingly stinky. Ditching bread to slip into your skinny jeans may take a toll on your breath--and your overall health. Some of these high-protein plans have you consuming between 30 and 50% of total calories from protein. Because carbs are your body's normal energy source, when you consume too few, you start burning your own fat stores for energy, which releases substances called ketones into your bloodstream, according to the American Heart Association. These can make your breath smell funky--some describe it as a combination of nail polish and overripe pineapples. In addition, diets high in animal sources of protein may also have too much saturated fat, increasing your risk of heart disease, stroke, and cancer. Fix it: Cut out overall calories--not just those from carbs--to lose weight. You should consume at least 130 g of carbohydrates daily--ideally whole grains, beans, and fruits and veggies--to stay healthy. 8) Sugar-free kinds are better for your teeth, but they can make your tummy rumbly, causing flatulence. Our bodies don't completely digest the low-cal sweeteners, such as sorbitol, found in sugar-free gum. When bacteria in the large intestine break them down, it can cause gas and even diarrhea. Fix it: Soothe your sweet tooth with a cup of peppermint tea instead. Peppermint oil contains menthol, which appears to have a soothing effect on the muscles of your digestive tract, providing relief from gas and gas pain. Or drink a half-cup of cranberry juice a day. It contains phytochemicals that suppress the odor-causing bacteria in your gut. 9) A drippy nose can make your breath smell sour. When nasal fluid drips from the sinuses to the back of your throat, it can stink up your breath. So can breathing mainly from your mouth when nasal passages are blocked because this dries out your mouth. A dry mouth prevents saliva from keeping your mouth moist and clean, making dead cells more likely to accumulate on your tongue, gums, and cheeks. When these cells decompose, they produce an odor. Fix it: Drink plenty of water--not coffee, soda, or alcohol, which can dehydrate you. Decades worth of clinical tests have also found that nasal irrigation, in which the sinus cavities are rinsed with lukewarm salt water, is a safe, effective, and inexpensive way to flush out the mucous that causes halitosis. Rubber syringes, ceramic Neti pots, a plastic squeeze bottle such as SinuCleanse, or sprays like ENTsol all work well. Use warm, distilled water and 1/4 teaspoon of kosher salt per 1 cup for the Neti pot. 10) Controlling acid reflux can help halt halitosis. Your risk of foul breath rises with the severity of your reflux symptoms. That's because the same stomach acids and bile that back up into the esophagus, causing heartburn, can also send a malodor that escapes through the mouth. Your prescription might even be making the problem worse: One study found that halitosis is more likely to occur in GERD patients who take proton pump inhibitors. The researchers believe the meds encourage bacterial overgrowth.

Dental Trends for 2012

1. Smile makeovers meet BOTOX and injectables. Soon you may be visiting your dentist every few months for more than just routine cleanings and followups, especially if your dentist uses dermal fillers and BOTOX as part of overall smile makeover procedures. Because dentists are experts in smile and facial aesthetics, many are going the extra mile to offer facial injectable fillers in order to provide patients with the most comprehensive antiaging and rejuvenation experience possible. 2. Dentists help patients maximize the treatment experience. Better patient reminders, new mobile apps with helpful dental health information, and more conveniently scheduled and phased treatments to relieve financial burdens are among the patient-centered and technology-driven efforts to help you get the dentistry you need and want. Don’t be surprised if your dentist texts or emails you about your next appointment—or the need to schedule one before your annual dental benefits expire. The days and times available may be more convenient than before to accommodate your lifestyle, and treatments may be offered in multiple steps to help you undergo necessary procedures now, rather than after bothersome conditions become too severe. 3. Convenient, noninvasive sleep apnea interventions. Not getting a good night’s sleep because you or a loved one snores? You might resolve the problem a lot faster and in a medically sound way if you see your dentist. Increasingly, dentists are playing a role in screening, diagnosing and treating snoring and sleep-disordered breathing using various oral appliances that are clinically proven, effective alternatives to expensive and cumbersome CPAP machines. Some may even be prescribed and delivered the same day. 4. Precision and efficiency from digital dentistry. Whether routine or complex, dental treatments will be increasingly convenient and comfortable as more dentists incorporate digital devices and techniques in their procedures. Look for advances such as digital impressions that don’t require traditional “ooey-gooey” impression materials; in-office CAD/CAM equipment that lets dentists make metal-free crowns and other restorations during one same-day office visit; and digital radiography that produces less radiation exposure than traditional dental film x-rays. 5. Improved denture aesthetics, stability, and comfort. Cosmetic smile makeovers are now a reality for both the youthful and young at heart, even if you’re missing several or a mouthful of teeth. Thanks to more affordable and same-day implant procedures, as well as dentures made from materials that are as natural and beautiful looking as real teeth and gum tissue, dentists can offer a better variety of options to make eating, chewing, smiling and feeling comfortable with dentures easier than ever before—no matter what age a patient is.

Second Hand Smoke and Teeth

Most of us already understand the many dangers of tobacco smoke and second-hand smoke , but did you know that exposing a child to cigarette smoke could delay development of their permanent teeth? That delay , which averages at least 4 months , significantly slows the dental process when permanent teeth begin to develop , usually between ages 3 and 6 . Dental research shows that the most significant delays in tooth development occur when both parents smoke. Children exposed to smoke from only their fathers also experience a high incidence of tooth formation delays. This could be an indicator that second- hand smoke can be more damaging to the developing teeth than direct exposure from a smoking mother . If you’re a smoker and can’t kick the habit , smoke only in a well-ventilated area separate from your children . Neither parent- especially the mother- should smoke during pregnancy. And all smokers should be considerate of non-smokers , keeping in mind that second-hand smoke can be very dangerous to those around you , especially pregnant mothers and their fetuses.

Color Has Alot To Say

Healthy adult teeth naturally contain a mixture of yellow , red and gray shades . Teeth whitening can work wonders-no matter how your teeth look on the color spectrum . Yellow ? The dentin is revealed when enamel is thinned , usually due to ageing or brushing too hard . Gray ? Its likely that you have experienced tetracycline damage – probably sometime during your youth . Blue ? Some studies show that too much unsupervised whitening can give teeth a blue hue – boo hoo! Beige ? Could be too much coffee , tea or red wine , or due to smoking or chewing tobacco . White ? You probably have a great home-care routine , keep regular check-ups , and accept professional dental advice about tooth whitening

Gum Disease Linked To Oral Cancer

The study found patients with HPV-positive tumors had significantly higher bone loss, a key factor in the development of severe gum disease, compared with patients with HPV-negative tumors. Latest figures suggest more than 6,000 people in the UK suffer from oral cancer, while almost 2,000 lives are lost to the disease. HPV is a growing cause of the disease, with experts suggesting it may rival tobacco use as the main cause of oral cancer within 10 years. Other risk factors for developing the disease include tobacco use, drinking to excess and poor diet. The significance of the research is compounded by the fact more teeth are lost through periodontal (gum) disease than through tooth decay. Although further research is required to determine the exact relationship of the link between severe gum disease and an increased risk of HPV-related oral cancer, it is not the first time poor oral health and cancer have been linked. Recent research carried out at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden suggested failure to brush your teeth properly could increase the chance of premature death resulting from cancer. They found a link between high levels of dental plaque - the cause of gum disease - and dying from cancer up to 13 years earlier than previously expected. The findings of both studies present even greater evidence of the need to ensure good oral health, according to Chief Executive of the British Dental Health Foundation, Dr Nigel Carter OBE. Dr Carter said: "A greater understanding of how we can tackle this potentially life-threatening disease could lead to many lives being saved. "Most of us suffer from gum disease at some point in our lives, yet it is entirely preventable. By developing and keeping a good oral health routine it lowers the risk of gum disease and any possible links to more serious diseases. We should all take time to reflect on how we can make that a reality. "Brushing your teeth for two minutes twice a day using a fluoride toothpaste, cleaning in between teeth daily with interdental brushes or floss, cutting down on how often you have sugary foods and drinks and visiting the dentist regularly, as often as they recommend will be a great starting point. "If you have swollen gums that bleed regularly when brushing, bad breath, loose teeth or regular mouth infections appear, it is likely you have gum disease. "It is also vital to check regularly for early warning signs of mouth cancer. These include ulcers which do not heal within three weeks, red and white patches in the mouth and unusual lumps or swellings in the mouth. If you are in any doubt, please get checked out." The study, published in the Archives of Otolaryngology, sampled 124 patients suffering from oral cancer, 50 of which were as a result of HPV. Lead author Mine Tezal, D.D.S., Ph.D., of the University at Buffalo commented: "Periodontitis is easy to detect and may represent a clinical high-risk profile for oral HPV infection. "Prevention or treatment of sources of inflammation in the oral cavity may be a simple yet effective way to reduce the acquisition and persistence of oral HPV infection."

Snake Venom In Dentistry ?

Snake venom is highly toxic to all humans but a special form of it that has been incorporated into dental glue has promising results allowing faster healing. Gingival Grafts are necessary for people who may have had some trauma as a result of accidents and dentists who have tried out the new glue have been noticing faster healing times compared to traditional suture closed wounds. It has been seen to promote faster tissue repair and thus allows patients to recover faster from dental operations such as grafts, implants and other necessary dental operations. The field of periodontics is undergoing rapid developments that have patients all smiles for they get the smiles they want when they want them .

Dental Emergencies

Accidents happen, and knowing what to do when one occurs can mean the difference between saving and losing a tooth. Here are some common dental emergencies and how to deal with them. For all dental emergencies, it’s important to visit your dentist as soon as possible. Most dentists reserve time in their daily schedules for emergency patients so be sure to call your dentist and provide as much detail as you can about your condition. If the accident occurs when your dental office is not open, visit your local emergency room. Question: What do I do if I knock out my tooth? Answer: For a knocked-out permanent or adult tooth, keep it moist at all times. If you can, try placing the tooth back in the socket without touching the root. If that’s not possible, place it in between your cheek and gums, or in milk. Get to your dentist’s office right away. Q: What if I crack my tooth? A: For a cracked tooth, immediately rinse the mouth with warm water to clean the area. Put cold compresses on the face to keep any swelling down. See your dentist as soon as possible. Q: If I bite my tongue or lip, how do I treat it? A: If you bite your tongue or lip, clean the area gently with water and apply a cold compress. See your dentist or go to the emergency room as soon as possible. Q: How do I treat a toothache? A: For toothaches, rinse your mouth with warm water to clean it out. Gently use dental floss to remove any food caught between your teeth. Do not put aspirin on your aching tooth or gums; it may burn the gum tissue. If the pain persists, contact your dentist. Q: What if I think my jaw is broken? A: If you think your jaw is broken apply cold compresses to control the swelling. Go to your dentist or a hospital emergency department immediately. Q: How do I remove an object that’s stuck in my mouth or teeth? A: For objects stuck in the mouth, try to gently remove with floss but do not try to remove it with a sharp or pointed instrument. See your dentist or go to the emergency room as soon as possible. Q: How can I avoid a dental emergency? A: There are a number of simple precautions you can take to avoid accident and injury to the teeth: • Wear a mouthguard when participating in sports or recreational activities. • Avoid chewing ice, popcorn kernels and hard candy, all of which can crack a tooth. • Use scissors, NEVER your teeth, to cut things.

Concerns for Babies and Kids

Anesthesia and Sedation Your dentist might recommend that your child be administered anesthesia or sedation to relax them in order to safely complete some dental procedures. Baby Bottle Tooth Decay You can help prevent your baby from getting cavities or developing what is called Baby Bottle Tooth Decay or Early Childhood Caries, by beginning an oral hygiene routine within the first few days after birth. Start by cleaning your baby’s mouth by wiping the gums with a clean gauze pad. This helps removes plaque that can harm erupting teeth. When your child's teeth begin to come in, brush them gently with a child's size toothbrush and water. For bottle feedings, place only formula, milk or breast milk inside and avoid using sugary beverages such as juice or soda. Infants should finish their bedtime and naptime bottle before going to bed. Dental Emergencies Accidents can happen anywhere, anytime. Knowing how to handle a dental emergency can mean the difference between saving and losing your child’s permanent tooth. For all dental emergencies, it’s important to take your child to the dentist or an emergency room as soon as possible. Here are some tips if your child experiences a common dental emergency: • For a knocked-out tooth, keep it moist at all times. If you can, try placing the tooth back in the socket without touching the root. If that’s not possible, place it in between your child’s cheek and gum, or in milk. Call your dentist right away. • For a cracked tooth, immediately rinse the mouth with warm water to clean the area. Put cold compresses on the face to keep any swelling down. • If your child bites his tongue or lip, clean the area gently and apply a cold compress. • For toothaches, rinse the mouth with warm water to clean it out. Gently use dental floss to remove any food caught between the teeth. Do not put aspirin on the aching tooth or gum tissues. • For objects stuck in the mouth, try to gently remove with floss but do not try to remove it with sharp or pointed instruments. Thumbsucking Sucking is a natural reflex and infants and young children may suck on thumbs, fingers, pacifiers and other objects. It may help them relax or make them feel safe or happy. Most children stop sucking by age 4. If your child continues to thumb suck that after the permanent teeth have come in, it can cause problems with tooth alignment and your child’s bite. The frequency, duration and intensity of a habit will determine whether or not dental problems may result. Children who rest their thumbs passively in their mouths are less likely to have difficulty than those who vigorously suck their thumbs. If you are worried about your child’s sucking habits, talk to your dentist. Space Maintainers Space maintainers help “hold space” for permanent teeth. Your child may need one if he or she loses a baby tooth prematurely, before the permanent tooth is ready to erupt. If a primary tooth is lost too early, adult teeth can erupt into the empty space instead of where they should be.When more adult teeth are ready to come into the mouth, there may not be enough room for them because of the lost space. To prevent this from happening, the dentist may recommend a space maintainer to hold open the space left by the missing tooth. Sealants Sealants are a fast and easy way of protecting your child’s teeth that act as barriers to cavity-prone areas. They are usually applied to the chewing surfaces of back teeth and sometimes used to cover deep pits and grooves. Sealing a tooth is fast and there is virtually no discomfort. As long as the sealant remains intact, the tooth surface will be protected from decay. Sealants hold up well under the force of normal chewing but may have to be reapplied if needed. Both primary and permanent teeth can benefit from sealants. Ask your dentist if sealants will help your child. Mouthguards Mouthguards can help protect your child from a dental emergency. They should be worn whenever your child is participating in sports and recreational activities. Mouthguards cushion blows that would otherwise cause broken teeth, injuries to the lips and face and sometimes even jaw fractures. If your child participates in such pastimes, ask your dentist about custom-fitted mouth protectors. Malocclusion Malocclusion, or bad bite, is a condition in which the teeth are crowded, crooked or out of alignment, or the jaws don’t meet properly. This may become particularly noticeable between the ages of 6 and 12, when a child’s permanent teeth are coming in. If not treated early, a bad bite can make it difficult to keep teeth and gums clean where teeth are crooked or crowded, increasing the risk for cavities and gum disease. Bad bites can also: • Affect proper development of the jaws. • Make the protruding teeth at risk for chips and fractures. • Affect eating and speaking. • Make some teeth more likely to wear abnormally or faster than those that are properly aligned.

Nutrition Concerns

A nutritious diet and good oral hygiene routine are important parts of maintaining a healthy life. They become especially important if you lose your health. Eating nutritious food and staying on top of your oral health in the face of illness can make all the difference. Consider these common concerns about the impact of nutrition and oral health when dealing with disease and its symptoms: Cancer and Dental Health Good oral care is always important but it can be especially critical when someone is being treated for cancer. According to the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, one-third of cancer patients develop complications that affect the mouth. Chemotherapy and radiation therapies can cause issues with eating and affect your mouth in other ways, too. For example, chemotherapy treatment sometimes causes painful mouth and throat sores. More critically, since chemotherapy lowers your immunity defenses, the natural bacteria that live in your mouth can easily infect these sores. Once infected, the sores can be difficult to heal, so it’s important to do everything you can to prevent them from happening in the first place. If you get mouth sores, try these tips to make eating easier and speed healing: • Eat soft or pureed foods, like mashed potatoes, pureed or cream soup, scrambled eggs, yogurt, cooked cereal, pudding and custard, cottage cheese, macaroni and cheese, and milk shakes. • Avoid tart, salty, spicy and acidic foods and drinks. • Choose cool or room temperature foods. • Blend and moisten dry or solid foods. • Drink through a straw to bypass mouth sores. • Eat high protein, high calorie foods to speed up healing time. For example, add protein powder to milk shakes or powdered dry milk to fortify mashed potatoes and soups. During cancer treatment, your mouth or throat may also become dry and irritated, or your saliva may thicken, making it difficult to swallow. To help ease the pain: • Drink lots of liquids to help loosen mucous. • Chew sugarless gum or suck on sugar-free candy to stimulate saliva production. Don’t chew ice; it can damage your teeth. • Eat soft, bland foods that are either room temperature or are cold. Puree fruits and veggies, try frozen ice pops or slushies, or soft cooked chicken, beef or fish. • Moisten dry foods with soup, broth, gravy, butter or margarine, or sauce. Dip or soak your food in what you’re drinking. Oral Care Tips • Two weeks prior to beginning chemotherapy, have your teeth cleaned and have any procedures completed, such as filling cavities, treating gum disease or fixing dentures. • Brush your teeth and gums. • Ask your dentist about using a daily fluoride rinse to help prevent dental caries. Avoid using most mouthwashes, since they typically contain irritants like alcohol that can make mouth sores even more painful. Ask your dentist or dental hygienist for suggestions on mild mouthwash options. • If you develop mouth sores, tell your doctor, since you need to treat them. This is particularly important if they are keeping you from eating. • Visit MedlinePlus, the National Institutes of Health’s website, for more information

Food Tips

You know that what you eat directly impacts your health, and that includes the health of your teeth and gums. But it can work the other way around too. If you have an orthodontic appliance, such as braces, or have had certain dental problems or procedures, the health and comfort of your teeth and gums can directly impact what you eat. Here are some tips for what to eat and how to avoid these common dental issues ; Braces Problems Chewing Problems Swallowing Dry Mouth Canker Sores Oral Surgery and Implants Braces Braces are delicate, and any foods that are sticky, chewy or hard can easily cause them to break, including: • ice • nuts • popcorn • hard candy • gum • chewy candy like caramel or gummi bears • whole hard fruit like apples and pears and hard, raw veggies like carrots • corn on the cob • hard pretzels • peanut brittle • pizza crust • hard rolls or bagels • ribs Any food that you need to bite into to eat is prime for breaking braces. You can get around this by cutting the food, such as corn off the cob or rib meat off the bone, or slicing apples and chopping carrots into small, bite-size pieces. You may also experience problems eating after your braces are tightened–teeth may feel sore. The first few days are the worst, so try eating softer foods like those listed below until the soreness passes: • scrambled eggs • oatmeal • soup with soft vegetables or pureed or cream soups • soft cheeses, including cottage cheese • smoothies and milkshakes • pudding and custard • meatloaf • mashed potatoes • sorbet and frozen yogurt • tortillas (soften by microwaving or steaming) • yogurt • soft-cooked, shredded chicken and meat • protein shakes • tofu • ripe fruits, such as peaches and nectarines, cut into bite-size pieces • couscous, quinoa, bulgur, soft-cooked rice • pasta and noodles • polenta • baked apples • peanut butter • chicken or tuna salad • refried beans • avocado • applesauce • macaroni and cheese • pancakes • soft bread • saltines and matzoh • mashed bananas • cooked veggies • hummus • canned or cooked fruit Problems Chewing Chewing problems may be caused by tooth loss, gum disease, cavities and ill-fitting dentures, so your first step should be a visit to your dentist to help determine the cause of your problem. Meanwhile, eating soft foods (see tips for braces) can you help maintain your nutrients until you can see your dentist. Problems Swallowing Swallowing problems can occasionally happen, but if it persists, talk to your doctor since it could be related to something serious. Causes of swallowing issues vary and treatment depends on what is causing the problem. If you are having trouble swallowing, to prevent choking and aspiration avoid these foods: • alcoholic beverages • extremely hot foods and beverages • caffeine • spicy foods • popcorn • bran cereal • nuts • cottage cheese (unless pureed) • skins of fruits • celery • dry, crumbly, or sticky foods (such as bread, cake, peanut butter, banana) Depending on level of swallowing difficulty, the following foods may be included in the diet. These foods are grouped into four different categories: • Thin liquids that dissolve quickly in the mouth such as frozen yogurt, ice cream, gelatin and broth. • Nectar-like liquids where liquid coats and drips off a spoon such as nectars, milkshakes, cream soup and vegetable juices. • Honey-like liquids that flow off a spoon in a ribbon like in yogurt, tomato sauce and honey. • Spoon-thick liquids that are thickened to pudding consistency such as pudding, custard or hot cereal. Dry Mouth Dry mouth is not a normal part of aging. If you have dry mouth, talk to your dentist or doctor. Dry mouth can be a sign of certain diseases or can be caused by certain medications or the result of medical treatments. If you have dry mouth: • don’t use tobacco or drink alcohol • drink water regularly—with and between meals • avoid drinks that contain caffeine such as colas, coffee and tea since it can dry out your mouth • chew sugarless gum or suck on sugarless candy to stimulate saliva flow • avoid spicy or salty foods if they cause pain in your mouth Canker Sores There is no cure for canker sores but you may be able to reduce how often you get them by avoiding foods that irritate your mouth. Spicy foods, acidic foods like pickles and sauerkraut, and citrus fruits can cause irritation. If you have canker sores, help ease discomfort by eating bland foods until your sores heal, such as: • low-fat milk and other dairy foods • cooked, canned and frozen vegetables • mashed potatoes (fortify by mixing in powdered milk to boost nutrition) • cooked or canned fruit, including applesauce • hot cereals like oatmeal and cream of wheat (make with milk instead of water to boost nutrition) • soft cooked and shredded chicken, beef and pork • creamy-style peanut butter • pudding and custard • scrambled or fried eggs • tofu • soup Oral Surgery and Implants Your nutrition and dietary needs following oral surgery or getting implants depends on factors including your nutritional status prior to your procedure, the extent of your procedure, how much impact there is on oral function and how long your recovery is expected to last. A liquid or soft foods diet may be required for a few days or longer, until your mouth heals. Opt for nutrient-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy foods and lean meats, eggs and beans whenever possible since they provide vitamins, minerals and nutrients needed for healing, including zinc, protein, and vitamins A and C. Try these foods: • scrambled eggs • oatmeal or cream of wheat (make with milk instead of water to boost nutrition) • soup with soft vegetables or pureed or cream soups • soft cheeses, including cottage cheese • smoothies and milkshakes • pudding and custard • meatloaf • mashed potatoes (fortify by mixing in powdered milk to boost nutrition • sorbet and frozen yogurt • tortillas (soften by microwaving or steaming) • yogurt • soft-cooked, shredded chicken and meat • protein shakes • tofu • ripe fruits, cut into pieces like peaches and nectarines • couscous, quinoa, bulgur, soft-cooked rice • pasta and noodles • polenta • baked apples • peanut butter • chicken or tuna salad • refried or mashed canned beans • avocado • applesauce • macaroni and cheese • pancakes • soft bread • saltines and matzoh • mashed bananas • cooked veggies, like carrots, squash, green beans, spinach and other greens • spinach soufflé • hummus • canned or cooked fruit

Americans Score A "D"

Americans need a serious brush-up when it comes to their oral health , according to American Dental Association's(ADA) survey results released recently . On avergae , Americans scored a D on a series of true or false questions ranging from how to brush and what age should a child first visit a dentist to what causes cavities . The results include 90% of the respondants mistakenly believe they should brush after every meal , while the ADA recommends only twice a day ; 65% mistakenly believe they should replace their toothbrush twice a year , while the ADA recommends every 3 months ; 75% don't know what age to take their child to the denitst for the first time , while the ADA recommends within 6 months after the first tooth appears ; 81% mistakenly think that sugar causes cavities , while its really germs in the mouth that feed on sugar , then produce acid that attacks tooth enamel .To take the survey your self and test your dental IQ go to www.mouthhealthy.org

Fish Oil For Your Gums

Australian researchers have studied using fish oil as an adjunct therapy for patients with gum disease . They have been using a combination of fish oil and asprin , the long chain fatty acids , at a dosage of 50mg as the suggested dietary target in patients diets . The 500mg equates to approximately 2 fatty fish meals per week . It is not certain at this point if just fish oil alone is as effective as the combination but continued reaserch is on the way.

Dental Concerns With Adults Age 40-60

Gum disease The first stage of gum disease is called gingivitis, which is the only stage that is reversible. If not treated, gingivitis may lead to a more serious, destructive form of gum/periodontal disease called periodontitis. It is possible to have gum disease and have no warning signs. That is one reason why regular dental checkups and periodontal examinations are so important. Treatment methods depend upon the type of disease and how far the condition has progressed. Good oral hygiene at home is essential to help keep periodontal disease from becoming more serious or recurring. Brush twice a day, clean between your teeth daily, eat a balanced diet, and schedule regular dental visits for a lifetime of healthy smiles. Missing Teeth Did you know that the average adult between the ages of 20 and 64 has three or more decayed or missing teeth? If you are missing one or more teeth, there are plenty of reasons to correct the problem. For one thing, a large space between your teeth may affect how you speak or eat. Even if it’s not noticeable, a missing molar can affect how you chew. Remaining teeth may shift and in some cases, bone loss can occur around a missing tooth. With today’s advances, you don’t have to suffer from missing teeth. Here are some options to replace a lost tooth or teeth. Talk to your dentist about which option is best for you: • Bridges. Anchored to your adjacent teeth, these can be removable or fixed, depending on your mouth, your dentist’s recommendation and your needs. • Dentures. An option if you’ve lost all or most of your teeth. • Implants. Most similar to a natural tooth. Sensitivity If hot or cold foods make you wince, you may have a common dental problem—sensitive teeth. Sensitivity in your teeth can happen for several reasons, including: • tooth decay (cavities) • fractured teeth • worn fillings • gum disease • worn tooth enamel • exposed tooth root Sensitive teeth can be treated. Your dentist may recommend desensitizing toothpaste or an alternative treatment based on the cause of your sensitivity. Proper oral hygiene is the key to preventing sensitive-tooth pain. Ask your dentist if you have any questions about your daily oral hygiene routine or concerns about tooth sensitivity. Dry mouth Everyone’s mouth can be dry sometimes, but if you feel like your mouth is always dry, it may be time to seek treatment. Medications and certain health conditions can lead to dry mouth. A dentist will check your teeth for signs of decay that can result from decreased salivary flow. A physician will test for any underlying disease or conditions that may be causing your dry mouth. Having a dry mouth is not itself serious but taking care of your teeth and gums and regular dental visits are important when living with dry mouth. Without the cleansing effects of saliva, tooth decay and other oral health problems become more common. Patients using oral inhalers for asthma often develop oral candidiasis, an oral fungal infection, and are encouraged to rinse their mouths with water after using the inhaler. Tell your dentist what medications you are taking and any other information about your health that may help identify the cause of your dry mouth. Oropharyngeal Cancer Ororpharyngeal cancer can affect any area of the oropharyngeal cavity including the lips, gum tissue, check lining, tongue, jaw the hard or soft palate and throat. It often starts as a tiny, unnoticed white or red spot or sore or swelling anywhere in the mouth or throat. During your dental visit, your dentist can talk to you about your health history and examine these areas for signs of mouth and/or throat cancer. Regular visits to your dentist can improve the chances that any suspicious changes in your oral health will be caught early, at a time when cancer can be treated more easily. The symptoms of mouth or throat cancer can include: • sores that bleed easily or do not heal • a thick or hard spot or lump • a roughened or crusted area • numbness, pain or tenderness • a change in the way your teeth fit together when you bite down. Make sure to tell your dentist about any problems you have when chewing, swallowing, speaking or moving your tongue or jaw. Regular dental check-ups, including an examination of the entire mouth, are essential in the early detection of cancerous and pre-cancerous conditions.

Chronic Pool Swimming Effects On Teeth

Swim in a pool containing chlorine not only improves a child's risk of developing asthma and allergies. Recently, researchers discovered a pool of water containing chlorine can also cause tooth decay. The use of disinfectants such as chlorine can serve to turn off various bacterial pathogens in the water. But if the compound is mixed with other organic materials such as urine and sweat, the chlorine can release a product mix that can irritate eyes, skin and upper airways. The latest researched findings showed that levels of chlorine and high pH limit could affect the occurrence of rapid and permanent erosion and enamel (outer layer) a person's teeth. Cases found in middle age males experience problems such as very sensitive teeth, tooth-colored yellow and darker because of the rapid loss of enamel for 5 months. Loss of tooth enamel can indeed be triggered by medical illness such as bulimia or acid reflux, but in middle-aged men are the trigger is an activity that does swimming every day for 90 minutes. In addition to dental problems that are very sensitive because the enamel of teeth eroded, they also have problems of the skin. Upon examination it was found that continued exposure to pool acidity triggers the patient's tooth decay. This discovery does not mean people should not swim but special attention should be the manager or owner of the pool to monitor the routine use of chlorine in a safe limit and the pH level of pool water is balanced. According to researchers, a swimming pool should have a neutral pH levels between 7.2 to 7.8. While the use of chlorine should be used so as not to be a pollutant according to the American Chemistry Council between 2.0 to 4.0 ppm (parts per million) and need not be below 1.0 ppm. PH balance in swimming pools is very easily lost, and indeed the maintenance of the pool was not as easy as people think, but still maintaining a very important element to keep it . Parents need to be on the alert if children complain of hot skin, sore skin, sore eyes or teeth feel very clean after swimming. Two of the complaints of the chlorine and pH are shown in the pool was too high. If eye irritation can be reduced by wearing swimming goggles, the complaint and color sensitive teeth damaged by water swimming pools must be performed by a dentist to do veneers (coated) teeth with porcelain. The important thing to consider in maintaining a pool is to maintain the correct pH value, do the cleaning or filter regularly, to ensure water circulation remains constant and preserve the value of the threshold of chlorine and other organic materials.

Top Ten Dental Symptoms In The Mouth

#1 Symptom : Toothache If your mouth or jaw hurt, it could be from a toothache. Toothaches usually indicate a cavity but they can also signal gum disease. In some cases, a toothache is a sign of an abscess or impacted tooth. A toothache should be evaluated by a dentist right away to determine the cause of the problem and prevent the tooth from dying. #2 Symptom : Sensitive Teeth If your teeth hurt when you drink hot or cold beverages, you may have sensitive teeth. This can be the result of tooth decay, fractured teeth, worn fillings, gum disease, worn tooth enamel or an exposed tooth root due to gum recession. Treatment will depend on the source of sensitivity. If you’re concerned about the sensitivity of your teeth see your dentist for diagnosis and treatment options #3 Symptom : Bleeding or Sore Gums Bleeding or sore gums can be a sign of gingivitis, an early and reversible stage of gum disease, or simply the result of brushing too hard or starting a new flossing routine. If your gums bleed regularly, or enough to worry you, make an appointment with your dentist or physician, it could be a sign that something else is wrong. #4 Symptom : Mouth Sores Types of mouth sores include canker sores , cold sores, leukoplakia and candidiasis. They vary in their severity and causes. Mouth sores could be the symptom of a disease or disorder; infection from bacteria, viruses or fungus or result from irritation caused by braces, dentures or the sharp edge of a broken tooth or filling. Your dentist should examine any mouth sore that lasts a week or longer . . # 5 Symptom : Bad Breath Bad breath can be caused by what you eat, not cleaning your mouth, dry mouth, smoking or other medical conditions. Persistent bad breath can also be one of the warning signs of gum disease. Brushing twice a day and flossing daily are essential to reducing bad breath and preventing gum disease. Brushing your tongue can help too. If you’re concerned about what’s causing your bad breath, see your dentist. They can determine the cause and treatment plan . #6 Symptom : Jaw Pain or Popping/Clicking In the Jaw Many things can cause these symptoms, which can make it difficult to diagnose. Possible causes include sinus problems, toothache, arthritis, injury, teeth grinding, gingivitis or problems with your jaw like TMJ. Your dentist will conduct a thorough exam, which may include X-rays, to determine the source of the pain. #7 Symptom : Dry Mouth If you have dry mouth it may be the symptom of a medical disorder or a side effect of certain medications. Saliva is the mouth’s primary defense against tooth decay. It washes away food and other debris, neutralizes acids produced by bacteria in the mouth and provides disease-fighting substances throughout the mouth. Your dentist can recommend ways to restore moisture . #8 Symptom : Oral Piercing Infection Oral piercings can create a wide range of problems for your health, oral and otherwise. Your mouth is home to huge amounts of bacteria, creating an ideal place for infection to start. If you have any signs of infection—swelling, pain, fever, chills, shaking or a red-streaked appearance around the site of the piercing—contact your dentist or physician immediately . #9 Symptom : Cracked or Broken Teeth A cracked or broken tooth can happen for a variety of reasons—brittle teeth, teeth grinding, injury. The crack may be invisible to the naked eye and even X-ray, but they can be incredibly painful and create bigger problems if left untreated. If you experience pain when chewing see your dentist. They can diagnose the cause and develop a plan for treatment . #10 Symptom : Stained or Discolored Teeth Over time your teeth can become stained and change color. This is often the result of eating certain foods, such as coffee or tea, smoking, aging, genetics, injury, or certain medications. Whitening options can include over the counter or in office treatments. Check with your dentist about your options for stain removal

Is Your Toothpaste Past Its Prime ?

While it may be obvious that the milk in your fridge needs to be tossed once its expiration date has passed , did you know that most oral hygiene products also have an expiration date? All toothpastes that contain fluoride , an element that strengthens tooth enamel , are regulated by the U.S. FDA and , therefore , require expiration dates. While using an expired product isn’t dangerous , the consistency or quality of the product may deteriorate . For example , the binding agents in toothpaste may become cakey with age , or the toothpaste may not foam as well in the mouth . And depending on what temperature the product is stored at , it may become harder to squeeze out of the tube or become softer . According to the American Dental Association , most toothpastes contain mild abrasives that remove surface stains and debris ; fluoride; flavoring agents ; binders to hold the product together ; and humectants to prevent water loss in the toothpaste . The ADA recommends that you observe expiration dates and finish using products by the date on the packaging , which is usually two years after the manufacturing date . The expiration date on most brands of toothpaste can be found on the bottom of the container or on the crimped end of the tube . By taking note of these important dates , you can ensure you are receiving the full benefits of the product .

Swallowing Exercises May Aid Patients Undergoing Chemo-Radiation Therapy

Targeted swallowing exercises may help alleviate swallowing dysfunction resulting from undergoing chemo-radiation therapy . The researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine studied 26 patients with head and neck cancer who were receiving chemo-radiation treatments and conducted 5 targeted swallowing exercises during treatments . The results showed that the patients in the swallowing exercises group were better at 3-6 months in eating /swallowing foods than in the group of patients that did no exercises during treatments . The study concluded that aggressive swallowing therapy is an important way to improve outcomes after chemo-radiation treatments .

Energy and Sports Drinks Associated with Tooth Erosion

High titratable acidity in energy drinks , and to a lesser extent in sports drinks is a significant predictor of enamel /tooth dissolution a study published in the May issue of General Dentistry . Researchers measured the effects of 13 sports drinks on the enamel of human teeth by immersing the teeth in the drink’s solution for 15 minutes followed by a 2 hour immersion in human saliva . They did this four times a day for 5 days and after each immersion they weighed the remaining tooth structure . This type of testing simulates the same exposure that a large proportion of American teens and young adults subject their teeth to on a regular basis when they drink one of these beverages every few hours . They found that repeated exposure to these dietary acids leave tooth enamel vulnerable to acid wear and erosion of healthy teeth occurs when these acids are left to contact these drinks over an exposed time .

Don't Be Too Sensitive !

Are Your Teeth Sensitive? Is a taste of ice cream or a sip of hot coffee sometimes a painful experience for you? Does brushing or flossing make you wince occasionally? If so, you may have a common problem called "sensitive teeth." What Causes Sensitive Teeth? Cavities and fractured teeth can cause sensitive teeth. But if your dentist has ruled these problems out, then worn tooth enamel, a cracked tooth or an exposed tooth root may be the cause. A layer of enamel, the strongest substance in the body, protects the crowns of healthy teeth. A layer called cementum protects the tooth root under the gum line. Underneath the enamel and the cementum is dentin, a part of the tooth that is less dense than enamel or cementum. The dentin contains microscopic tubules (small hollow tubes or canals). When the dentin loses its protective covering, the tubules allow heat and cold or acidic or sticky foods to stimulate the nerves and cells inside the tooth. This causes hypersensitivity and occasional discomfort. Fortunately, the irritation does not cause permanent damage to the pulp. Dentin may be exposed when gums recede. The result can be hypersensitivity near the gum line. Proper oral hygiene is the key to preventing gums from receding and causing sensitive-tooth pain. If you brush your teeth incorrectly or even over-brush, gum problems can result. Ask your dentist if you have any questions about your daily oral hygiene routine. Treating Sensitive Teeth Sensitive teeth can be treated. Your dentist may suggest that you try a desensitizing toothpaste, which contains compounds that help block transmission of sensation from the tooth surface to the nerve. Desensitizing toothpaste usually requires several applications before the sensitivity is reduced. When choosing toothpaste or any other dental care products, look for those that display the American Dental Association's Seal of Acceptance–your assurance that products have met ADA criteria for safety and effectiveness. If the desensitizing toothpaste does not ease your discomfort, your dentist may suggest in-office techniques. A fluoride gel, which strengthens tooth enamel and reduces the transmission of sensations, may be applied to the sensitive areas of the teeth. If receding gums cause the sensitivity, your dentist may use agents that bond to the tooth root to "seal" the sensitive teeth. The sealer usually is composed of a plastic material. In cases where hypersensitivity is severe and persistent and cannot be treated by other means, your dentist may recommend endodontic (root canal) treatment to eliminate the problem.

Oral Piercing

Piercing is becoming a more prevalent form of body art and self-expression in today’s society. However, oral piercings, which involve the tongue (the most common site), lips, cheeks, uvula or a combination of sites, have been implicated in a number of adverse oral and systemic conditions. Patients typically undergo piercing procedures without anesthetic. In tongue piercing, for example, a barbell-shaped piece of jewelry typically is placed to transverse the thickness of the tongue at the midline in its anterior one-third using a needle. Initially, a temporary device longer than the jewelry of choice is placed to accommodate postpiercing swelling. The free end of the barbell stem then is inserted into the hole in a ventral-dorsal direction. The recipient grasps the free end of the shank between the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth and screws the ball onto the stem. The barbell also can be placed laterally, with the studs on the dorsolateral lingual surface. In the absence of complications, healing takes four to six weeks. Tongue splitting is considered by some to be a form of body art. The process literally splits a person's tongue into two pieces, creating a "forked" appearance. Reports in the public press indicate that various primitive techniques are used by lay people for splitting tongues. For example, without anesthesia, a scalpel may be used followed by a cauterizing pen, or fishing line may be threaded through the pierced tongue and pulled forward, severing the anterior aspect. Individuals regularly pull the two tongue pieces apart to maintain the split so it does not "heal" back together. Once healed, additional surgery may be required to repair the “split” should the individual decide reversal is desired. In lip or cheek piercing, jewelry position (usually a labrette) is determined primarily by aesthetics with consideration to where the jewelry will rest intraorally. Once position is determined, a cork is usually placed inside the mouth to support the tissue as it is pierced with a needle. The needle is inserted through the tissue and into the cork backing. The needle then is replaced with the labrette stud, and the disc backing is screwed into place. Healing time can range from weeks to months. Common symptoms following piercing and tongue splitting include: • pain, • swelling, • infection and • increased salivary flow. Potential complications of intraoral and perioral piercings are numerous, although available scientific literature is rather limited and consists mainly of case reports. Possible adverse outcomes secondary to oral piercing include increased salivary flow; gingival injury or recession; damage to teeth, restorations and fixed porcelain prostheses; interference with speech, mastication or deglutition; scar-tissue formation; and development of metal hypersensitivities. Because of the tongue’s vascular nature, prolonged bleeding can result if vessels are punctured during the piercing procedure. In addition, the technique for inserting tongue jewelry may abrade or fracture anterior dentition, and digital manipulation of the jewelry can significantly increase the potential for infection. Airway obstruction due to pronounced edema or aspiration of jewelry poses another risk, and aspirated or ingested jewelry could present a hazard to respiratory or digestive organs. In addition, oral ornaments can compromise dental diagnosis by obscuring anatomy and defects in x-rays. It also has been speculated that galvanic currents from stainless-steel oral jewelry in contact with other intraoral metals could result in pulpal sensitivity. The National Institutes of Health has identified piercing as a possible vector for bloodborne hepatitis (hepatitis B, C, D and G) transmission. Disease transmission (e.g., hepatitis B, tetanus, localized tuberculosis) has been associated with ear piercing, and cases of endocarditis have been linked to both nose and ear piercing. Secondary infection from oral piercing can be serious. A recent article in the British Dental Journal reported a case of Ludwig’s angina, a rapidly spreading cellulitis involving the submandibular, sublingual and submental fascial spaces bilaterally, that manifested four days after the 25-year-old patient had her tongue pierced. Intubation was necessary to secure the airway. When antibiotic therapy failed to resolve the condition, surgical intervention was required to remove the barbell-shaped jewelry and decompress the swelling in the floor of the mouth. Although reports describing the morbidity and mortality associated with tongue splitting are currently not available in the literature, the risk of complications secondary to surgical procedures is well known. Therefore, the Association recommends that its members discourage patients who request the procedure by educating them of the risks associated with this surgery. Because of its potential for numerous negative sequelae, the American Dental Association opposes the practice of intraoral/perioral piercing and tongue splitting .

Sore Jaw ? Check This Out !

Many adults suffer from chronic facial pain. Some common symptoms include pain in or around the ear, tenderness of the jaw, clicking or popping noises when opening the mouth, or headaches and neck pain. Two joints and several jaw muscles make it possible to open and close the mouth. They work together when you chew, speak or swallow. They include muscles and ligaments, as well as the jaw bone--the mandible (lower jaw) with two joints called the temporomandibular joints or “TMJ.” The TM joints are among the most complex joints in the body. Located on each side of the head, they work together to make many different movements, including a combination of rotating and gliding actions used when chewing and speaking. Several muscles also help open and close the mouth. They control the lower jaw (mandible) as it moves forward, backward, and side-to-side. Both TM joints are involved in these movements. Each TM joint has a disc between the ball and socket (see diagram). The disc cushions the load while enabling the jaw to open widely and rotate or glide. Any problem that prevents this complex system of muscles, ligaments, discs and bones from working properly may result in a painful TMJ disorder. Diagnosis & Treatment A dentist can help identify the source of the pain with a thorough exam and appropriate x-rays. Often, the pain may be from a sinus problem, a toothache or an early stage of periodontal disease. But for some types of pain, the cause is not easily diagnosed. The pain may be related to the facial muscles, the jaw or the TM joint. Some TM problems result from arthritis, dislocation or injury. All of these conditions can cause pain and dysfunction. Muscles that move the joints are also subject to injury and disease. Injuries to the jaw, head or neck, and diseases such as arthritis, might cause some TM problems. Other factors relating to the way the upper and lower teeth fit together (the bite) may cause some types of TM disorders. Stress and teeth grinding are also considered as possible factors. Diagnosis is an important step before treatment. Part of the dental examination includes checking the joints and muscles for tenderness, clicking, popping or difficulty moving. Your complete medical history may be reviewed, so it’s important to keep your dental office records up-to-date. Your dentist may take x-rays and may make a "cast" of your teeth to see how the upper and lower teeth fit together. Your dentist may also request specialized x-rays for the TM joints. Depending on the diagnosis, the dentist may refer you to a physician or another dentist. There are several treatments for TMJ disorders. They may include stress-reducing exercises, wearing a mouth protector to prevent teeth grinding, orthodontic treatment, medication or surgery. Treatment may involve a series of steps beginning with the most conservative options. In many cases, only minor, relatively non-invasive treatment may be needed to help reduce the pain.

Feeling Dry ? Here's Some Advise

Almost everyone’s mouth is dry sometimes. But if you feel like you have cotton in your mouth constantly, it may be time for treatment. Dry mouth, known medically as xerostomia, occurs when you don’t have enough saliva, or spit, in your mouth. Feeling stressed can trigger dry mouth temporarily. But a persistently dry mouth may signal an underlying disease or condition, so it’s important to see your doctor, says the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates products that relieve dry mouth. And because dry mouth can lead to tooth decay, you should see your dentist, too, says John V. Kelsey, D.D.S., of FDA’s Division of Dermatology and Dental Products. Dry mouth may make it difficult to speak, chew, and swallow, and may alter the taste of your food. It can also cause a sore throat, hoarseness, and bad breath. Dry mouth can affect people of any age, but older people are especially vulnerable. “It’s not a normal consequence of aging,” says Kelsey. “Older people may take multiple medications that can cause dry mouth.” According to the Surgeon General's Report on Oral Health in America, dry mouth is a side effect of more than 400 prescription and over-the-counter drugs, such as antidepressants, antihistamines, muscle relaxants, and high blood pressure medicines. Other causes of dry mouth include: • cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation of the head or neck • hormone changes, such as those that occur during pregnancy or menopause • health problems, such as HIV/AIDS, diabetes, and Sjögren’s syndrome, a disease in which a person’s immune system attacks the body’s tissues, including moisture-producing glands • snoring or breathing open-mouthed The Role of Saliva Saliva is produced by three major glands in the mouth (salivary glands) and plays a key role in • chewing, swallowing, and digesting food • preventing infection in the mouth by controlling bacteria • preventing tooth decay “Saliva is mostly water, but it also contains enzymes and lubricants,” says Kelsey. “The enzymes help digest food and the lubricants make speaking, chewing, and swallowing more comfortable.” Saliva helps control bacteria, which cling to the surface of teeth. They feed on sugar in the food we eat and break down and use (metabolize) the sugar to grow. “A by-product of the metabolized sugar is acid, which starts to eat away at a tooth’s surface,” says Kelsey. Saliva neutralizes the acid and helps wash away food particles. If there is not enough saliva, cavities may occur. Dry Mouth Treatments Your doctor or dentist may recommend oral rinses and moisturizers, or prescribe an artificial saliva. Also called saliva substitutes, artificial salivas are regulated by FDA as medical devices. “Unlike drugs, artificial salivas have no chemical action,” says Susan Runner, D.D.S., chief of FDA’s dental devices branch. “Their action is mechanical. They moisten and lubricate the mouth but do not stimulate the salivary glands to make saliva.” While not a cure, artificial salivas can provide short-term relief of the symptoms of dry mouth. “They can also help minimize discomfort after an oral procedure,” says Runner. Artificial salivas come in a variety of forms, including rinses, sprays, swabs, gels, and tablets that dissolve in the mouth. Some are available by prescription only; others can be bought over-the-counter. FDA has also approved several prescription drugs to relieve dry mouth caused by certain medical treatments or conditions, such as Sjögren's syndrome and radiation for head or neck cancer. Advice for Consumers If you have persistent dry mouth: • Talk to your doctor, who may change your medications or adjust the doses. • Talk to your dentist and provide a list of the medicines you take as well as any medical conditions or treatments you’ve had. The American Dental Association recommends seeing your dentist at least twice a year. Tips for Relieving Dry Mouth • Sip water or sugarless drinks, or suck on ice chips. • Avoid irritants, such as alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine. Remember that caffeine is found in many sodas as well as in coffee and tea. • Chew sugar-free gum or suck on sugar-free candy. • Avoid salty or spicy foods, which may irritate the mouth. • Use a humidifier in your bedroom at night. • Consider using saliva substitutes.

More Men Affected by Oral Cancer Virus

The human papillomavirus (HPV) affects almost 15 million Americans , which represents 6.9% of adults and teens in the U.S., according to a Janurary 2012 Journal of the American Medical Association study . This study-from 6000 men and women between the ages of 14and 69 - found that men had a higher rate of HPV infection than women , at least by 6 % . Several strains of this incurable virus are linked to come cancers , and those infected with HPV 16 strain are about 14 times more likely to develop oral cancers than those without HPV infection . The study also led researchers to believe that HPV may be spread by kissing , and that patients who identified themselves as "sexually experienced" were more likely to have HPV than those who identified as "sexually inexperienced". In addition , the study also indicated that most oral HPV infections are sexually transmitted . The researchers found that this data is consisitent with transmission by other sexually-associated conduct such and deep throat kissing and oral sex practices.

Feeling Dry ? Read This !

Almost everyone’s mouth is dry sometimes. But if you feel like you have cotton in your mouth constantly, it may be time for treatment. Dry mouth, known medically as xerostomia, occurs when you don’t have enough saliva, or spit, in your mouth. Feeling stressed can trigger dry mouth temporarily. But a persistently dry mouth may signal an underlying disease or condition, so it’s important to see your doctor, says the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates products that relieve dry mouth. And because dry mouth can lead to tooth decay, you should see your dentist, too, says John V. Kelsey, D.D.S., of FDA’s Division of Dermatology and Dental Products. Dry mouth may make it difficult to speak, chew, and swallow, and may alter the taste of your food. It can also cause a sore throat, hoarseness, and bad breath. Dry mouth can affect people of any age, but older people are especially vulnerable. “It’s not a normal consequence of aging,” says Kelsey. “Older people may take multiple medications that can cause dry mouth.” According to the Surgeon General's Report on Oral Health in America, dry mouth is a side effect of more than 400 prescription and over-the-counter drugs, such as antidepressants, antihistamines, muscle relaxants, and high blood pressure medicines. Other causes of dry mouth include: • cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation of the head or neck • hormone changes, such as those that occur during pregnancy or menopause • health problems, such as HIV/AIDS, diabetes, and Sjögren’s syndrome, a disease in which a person’s immune system attacks the body’s tissues, including moisture-producing glands • snoring or breathing open-mouthed back to top The Role of Saliva Saliva is produced by three major glands in the mouth (salivary glands) and plays a key role in • chewing, swallowing, and digesting food • preventing infection in the mouth by controlling bacteria • preventing tooth decay “Saliva is mostly water, but it also contains enzymes and lubricants,” says Kelsey. “The enzymes help digest food and the lubricants make speaking, chewing, and swallowing more comfortable.” Saliva helps control bacteria, which cling to the surface of teeth. They feed on sugar in the food we eat and break down and use (metabolize) the sugar to grow. “A by-product of the metabolized sugar is acid, which starts to eat away at a tooth’s surface,” says Kelsey. Saliva neutralizes the acid and helps wash away food particles. If there is not enough saliva, cavities may occur. Dry Mouth Treatments Your doctor or dentist may recommend oral rinses and moisturizers, or prescribe an artificial saliva. Also called saliva substitutes, artificial salivas are regulated by FDA as medical devices. “Unlike drugs, artificial salivas have no chemical action,” says Susan Runner, D.D.S., chief of FDA’s dental devices branch. “Their action is mechanical. They moisten and lubricate the mouth but do not stimulate the salivary glands to make saliva.” While not a cure, artificial salivas can provide short-term relief of the symptoms of dry mouth. “They can also help minimize discomfort after an oral procedure,” says Runner. Artificial salivas come in a variety of forms, including rinses, sprays, swabs, gels, and tablets that dissolve in the mouth. Some are available by prescription only; others can be bought over-the-counter. FDA has also approved several prescription drugs to relieve dry mouth caused by certain medical treatments or conditions, such as Sjögren's syndrome and radiation for head or neck cancer. Advice for Consumers If you have persistent dry mouth: • Talk to your doctor, who may change your medications or adjust the doses. • Talk to your dentist and provide a list of the medicines you take as well as any medical conditions or treatments you’ve had. The American Dental Association recommends seeing your dentist at least twice a year. Tips for Relieving Dry Mouth • Sip water or sugarless drinks, or suck on ice chips. • Avoid irritants, such as alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine. Remember that caffeine is found in many sodas as well as in coffee and tea. • Chew sugar-free gum or suck on sugar-free candy. • Avoid salty or spicy foods, which may irritate the mouth. • Use a humidifier in your bedroom at night. • Consider using saliva substitutes.

Mouth Sores

They are annoying and painful and there are plenty of things that can cause them – infections from bacteria, viruses or fungus; a loose orthodontic wire; a denture that doesn’t fit; or a sharp edge from a broken tooth or filling. Mouth sores may be symptoms of a disease or disorder. A dentist should examine any mouth sore that lasts a week or longer. Among the most common mouth sores are: 1) Canker sores. Small ulcers with a white or gray base and a red border. Canker sores appear inside the mouth. They are not contagious. There may be only one canker sore or several and they can return frequently. Their exact cause is uncertain but some experts believe that immune system problems, bacteria or viruses may be involved. Fatigue, stress or allergies can increase the likelihood of a canker sore. Some women may be more prone to them in their premenstrual cycle. A cut caused by biting the cheek or tongue, or reactions from hot foods or beverages may contribute to canker sore development. Intestinal problems, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, also seem to make some people more susceptible. Treating Canker Sores: They usually heal on their own after a week or two. Over-the-counter topical anesthetics and antimicrobial mouthrinses may provide temporary relief. Stay away from hot, spicy or acidic foods that can irritate the sore. See your dentist if the sores do not heal or are painful. Antibiotics from your dentist and some oral bandages can reduce secondary infection. 2) Cold sores : Annoying and painful, cold sores, also called fever blisters, are groups of fluid-filled blisters. They often erupt around the lips and sometimes under the nose or around the chin. Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 and are very contagious. The initial infection (primary herpes), which often occurs before adulthood, may be confused with a cold or flu and can cause painful lesions to erupt throughout the mouth. Once a person is infected with primary herpes, the virus stays in the body and causes occasional attacks. Recurring cold sores look like multiple tiny fluid-filled blisters that most commonly appear around the edge of the lips. For some people, the virus remains inactive or dormant. For others, cold sores can follow a fever, sunburn, stress, emotional upsets or a break in the skin. Treating cold sores: Cold sore blisters usually heal in a week by themselves. Over-the-counter topical anesthetics can provide some relief. Your dentist may prescribe antiviral drugs to reduce these kinds of viral infections. 3) Leukoplakia : Thick, whitish-color patches that form on the inside of the cheeks, gums or tongue is known as leukoplakia. These patches are caused by excess cell growth and are common among tobacco users. They can result from irritations such as an ill-fitting denture or the habit of chewing on the inside of the cheek. Sometimes leukoplakia is associated with oral cancer. Your dentist may recommend a biopsy if the patch appears threatening. Treating leukoplakia: The dentist examines the lesion and checks the biopsy results to help determine how to manage the disease. Treatment begins with removing the factors that contribute to the lesion: quitting tobacco or replacing ill-fitting dentures or bridges. 4) Candidiasis : This fungal infection (also called moniliasis or oral thrush) occurs when the yeast Candida albicans reproduce in large numbers. It is common among denture wearers and most often occurs in people who are very young, elderly, debilitated by diseases like diabetes or leukemia, or who have a problem with their immune system. People who have dry mouth syndrome are very susceptible to candidiasis. Candida may flourish after antibiotic treatment, which can decrease normal bacteria in the mouth. Treating candidiasis: Control focuses on preventing or controlling the conditions that caused the outbreak. Good oral hygiene is essential. Clean dentures to remove Candida and remove the dentures at bedtime. Saliva substitutes and prescription medications may be helpful when the underlying cause of dry mouth is incurable or unavoidable .

Oral Cancer Prevention

The diabetes drug metformin may protect against oral cancer , according to an article published in the Cancer Prevention Research Journal . Researchers induced premalignant lesions in mice and studied the effects metformin had as these lesions progressed into oral cancer . They found that the introduction of metformin reduced the size and number of carcinogen-induced oral tumoral lesion in mice and significantly reduced the development of squamous cell carcinoma(oral cancer) by about 70-90% .

Bovine Collagen Promotes Human Gum Healing

Bovine-derived collagen can enhance the healing of gum tissues researchers have found . German and Swiss researchers investigated the possibility of using collagen extracted from bovine pericardium to form a support mechanism for connective tissues used to repair receding gums and exposed roots . The study involved 14 otherwise healthy no-smoker patients who had at least one area of gum recession . After performing a routine teeth cleaning , the researchers implanted the bovine-derived collagen and sutured in place for 2weeks After 6 months the treated areas were evaluated and all showed signs of improved tissue root coverage where the gum recession had been . The researchers concluded that the bovine-derived collagen acts as a scaffold and was integrated by the patients’ own connective tissue , thus correction the gum recession area over the exposed tooth root.

A Burning Feeling

More than 10% of Americans experience the burning and discomfort of heartburn every day . What many don’t know is that heartburn , or acid indigestion , is a common symptom of chronic acid reflux , also known as gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD). Acid reflex occurs when muscles of the lower esophagus relax and allow stomach acids to flow upward into the esophagus and even the mouth . These stomach acids can cause irritation and inflammation of the esophagus while negatively impacting your oral health . Acid reflux may progress further , developing into GERD . In people who have GERD , the esophageal muscles are unable to keep stomach acids from flowing upward causing corrosion of the esophageal lining and the uncomfortable burning sensation associated with heartburn . Though often times difficult to detect , GERD can be associated with the following signs and symptoms : • Heartburn • Difficulty swallowing • Regurgitation • Burning sensation in the mouth • Sore throat • Nausea , vomiting , belching • Chronic cough • Erosion of tooth enamel • Chipping , discoloring of teeth • Bad breath In addition to damaging the esophagus and increasing your risk of esophageal cancer , , over time GERD can erode tooth enamel . Research indicates tooth enamel begins to erode at a pH , or acid level , of 5.5. With a pH of less than 2.0 , your stomach can easily damage tooth enamel and cause increased tooth sensitivity , decay , discoloration and chipping . You can reduce your GERD symptoms by : • Avoiding trigger foods and beverages , including chocolate , spicy/greasy foods , tomato-based foods , alcohol and coffee • Quitting smoking • Refrain from eating several hours before bed or lying down 2-3 hours after eating • Losing weight if you are overweight or obese • Avoiding tight clothing Protect your teeth against acid reflux by : • Use dentin-sensitive toothpaste • Rinse your mouth with water following acid reflux episodes • Do not brush your teeth for 60 minutes after consuming acidic foods or drinks • Dissolve baking soda in water and swish around the mouth after acid reflux occurs • Receive fluoride treatments to strengthen your teeth • Avoid over-the-counter antacids especially at night-that have high sugar content • Visit your dentist regularly for tooth enamel evaluation

Jaw Pain Or Headaches ? Check Your Posture !

If you experience frequent headaches and pain in your lower jaw, check your posture and consult your dentist about temporomandibular disorder (TMD), recommends the Academy of General Dentistry (AGD), an organization of general dentists dedicated to continuing dental education. Poor posture places the spine in a position that causes stress to the jaw joint. When people slouch or hunch over, the lower jaw shifts forward, causing the upper and lower teeth to not fit together properly, and the skull moves back on the spinal column. This movement puts stress on muscles, joints and bones and, if left untreated, can create pain and inflammation in muscles and joints when the mouth opens and closes. "Good posture is important, yet many people don't realize how posture affects their oral health," says AGD spokesperson Ludwig Leibsohn, DDS. Dr. Leibsohn treats patients who have complained of facial pain. "Their posture often is unbalanced, and this rearranges the position of the facial muscles, causing the bumps and grooves on the upper and lower teeth not to fit properly together," said Dr. Leibsohn. An oral appliance can help align the teeth in a position that will reduce facial pain caused by poor posture. The appliance can also prevent future damage to teeth .

Snack and Sip All Day ? Risk Tooth Decay !

What and how often you eat can affect your teeth . Eating habits and food choices can lead to tooth decay . A steady diet of sugary foods/drinks (including sports drinks) , can damage your teeth . But also snacking/sipping throughout the day or “grazing” can lead to tooth decay. We know that eating sugar causes some of the bacteria in your mouth to produce a acid by product that softens teeth . This acid attacks the tooth surface 20-30 minutes after you eat . So repeated snacks or prolonged sipping for drinks causes the acid to attack your tooth again and again . If you ever did the school experiment where you put a tooth in a bottle of coke or mountain dew and leave it for 24 hours ….the tooth is gone! Repeated acid attacks cause tooth decay , which requires you to be treated by a dentist . To reduce your risk of tooth decay here are some tips ; • Read the labels of the foods and beverages you have to make sure they are low in added sugar • If you have sugary foods and drinks have them with the 3 main meals • Limit sugary drinks and snacks between meals • Chew sugarless gum that has the American Dental Association’s seal , 20 minutes after a meal • Drink water • Brush your teeth 2 times a day with a fluoride toothpaste • See your dentist regularly